Insights from Uganda's 2024 Population and Housing Census Final Report

By John Kusolo

The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has released the National Population and Housing Census 2024 final report, providing a detailed snapshot of Uganda's demographic and socio-economic realities. Conducted in May 2024, the census represents a significant step in leveraging data for national development, aligning with Vision 2040, National Development Plans, and global frameworks like the SDGs.

Dr. Chris Mukiza, Executive Director UBOS, hailed the census as the "most comprehensive data collection exercise in Uganda's history." He emphasized that the 2024 Census, the country's first digital census, underscores Uganda's commitment to producing accurate, relevant, and timely data. He further highlighted the census's role in shaping policies, guiding resource allocation, and ensuring inclusive development.

"Data is the foundation for informed decision-making. This census equips stakeholders with tools to plan and monitor Uganda's progress effectively," Dr. Mukiza noted.

The 2024 census was meticulously planned to meet international standards. Key objectives included:

Assessing population size, structure, and distribution.

Evaluating housing conditions and access to services.

Tracking changes in socio-economic indicators since 2014.

Supporting regional and global development agendas.

With over 45.9 million individuals counted, the census also updated enumeration area maps, laying a foundation for future surveys.

Major Findings

1. Population Growth and Composition

Uganda's population grew by 2.9% annually, reaching 45.9 million, up from 34.6 million in 2014.

Over 50% of the population is under 18, while only 5% are aged 60+.

2. Housing and Living Conditions

81.1% of households access improved water sources.

53.4% of homes use electricity (25.3% grid, 28.1% solar).

3. Education and Literacy

74% of individuals aged 10+ are literate, a significant stride in national education.

4. Labour Force

The working-age population (15+ years) comprises 57.4% of the total population.

Unemployment stands at 12.3%, while 42.6% of youth are not engaged in employment, education, or training.

5. Well-being and Health

One-third of households are engaged in subsistence economies.

12% of individuals aged 10+ reported experiencing psychological distress.

Uses of the Census Data

The findings will guide:

National and Local Planning: Data enables evidence-based decisions.

Resource Allocation: Ensures equitable distribution across regions.

Social Interventions: Improves health, education, and housing.

Monitoring Progress: Tracks advancements in Vision 2040 and global initiatives.

Despite logistical challenges, including mapping rural areas, the census succeeded due to robust planning and stakeholder engagement. Dr. Mukiza reiterated UBOS's commitment to addressing gaps highlighted in the report, such as high unemployment and youth disengagement.

"As we transition to a data-driven era, UBOS will continue to innovate and improve statistical systems," Dr. Mukiza pledged.

The 2024 Census marks a milestone in Uganda’s development trajectory. By leveraging these insights, policymakers, development partners, and citizens can collaboratively drive Uganda towards socio-economic transformation, ensuring "No Ugandan is left behind."

Available at => ubos.org/wp-content/upl…